Work and active aging : is there a relationship between health and meaning in life?

Abstract

This study aims to explain the health impact of work demands and organization, job content, leadership and values in the workplace. It also explores the extent to which health conditions influence meaning in life in late career. The sample consisted of 1330 Portuguese-based individuals aged 55-75 years. The structural equation modelling was used for the data analysis and to test the research questions. The results showed that stress and burnout are affected influenced by work demands and organization, job content, leadership and values in the workplace. Employment status had no influence. Health status affects meaning in life. Considering the main goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, this study contributes, namely, to the 3rd one – Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. In fact, directing a look at the condition in which older people work and at their health, contributes not only to more productive organizations, to less spending of public money on health, but also to a more inclusive society. Bearing in mind workers are progressively retiring later and that the exposure to certain work conditions during the late career is problematic for organisations and for society in general, this study has practical and social implication. Although participants were asked to answer the questionnaire bearing in mind their last work experience, retirees could have had difficulty reporting on their last work, therefore, in future research, the use of a qualitative methodology could also be equated, as to complement richer information regarding past experiences in the work context. Considering demographic changes and the aging of the active population in Portugal and the scarce studies carried out in the country concerning this relevant theme, we believe that the conclusions may constitute an important input for workplace policies regarding older workers. In addition, little research has focused on the effect of health in meaning in life.